Retirement of the classic SQL vulnerability assessment APIs happens on 16 August 2027, and express configuration is where everybody is expected to end up.
The date is published, and express configuration does away with the customer-managed storage account altogether. It is the recommended enablement mode, delivers identical security value through a simpler setup, and extends the Microsoft-managed experience without additional cost. Where your databases hold customer records governed by HIPAA, GLBA or a state privacy law, this migration is one to do early rather than to leave until the deadline is close.

- 16 Aug 2027Classic vulnerability assessment API retirement
- No storageExpress needs no customer-managed account
- SQL 2012 to 2022Server versions protected, plus Azure SQL
- Subscription wideExisting and future resources protected
Eight things that determine how much value this actually returns.
Coverage across Azure SQL and SQL Server
Coverage runs to read and write replicas of Azure SQL single databases and elastic pools, Azure SQL managed instances, and Azure Synapse Analytics dedicated SQL pools. On the server side it reaches SQL Server 2012 through 2022, SQL Server running on Azure Virtual Machines, and SQL Server enabled by Azure Arc.
Enablement that covers what comes next
Enabling the plan protects every supported resource in that subscription, and anything created there afterwards is protected too. That inheritance is what keeps coverage from decaying as project teams spin up new databases, which is otherwise a gap that never closes.
Vulnerability assessment against a rule knowledge base
Built into Azure SQL is a scanning service running against a knowledge base of rules, flagging security vulnerabilities and departures from best practice at both database and server level. That includes misconfigurations, permissions granted too broadly, and sensitive data left unprotected.
Baselines, which is where the value actually is
The assessment report can be tailored to your environment by setting an acceptable baseline covering permission configurations, feature configurations and database settings. Skip the baseline and every deliberate design decision specific to your environment reappears as a finding month after month, at which point somebody stops reading the report entirely.
Threat protection for the attacks that matter
Advanced Threat Protection watches continuously for potential SQL injection attempts, for anomalous database access and query patterns such as an unusually high number of failed sign-ins using different credentials, and for suspicious activity of the kind where access arrives from a machine that has been talking to a crypto-mining command and control server.
The classic API retirement date
Both the APIs used to configure classic vulnerability assessment and the classic Advanced Threat Protection APIs retire on 16 August 2027. Anyone still running classic therefore has a fixed deadline and a documented migration path, rather than a choice they can defer indefinitely.
What express configuration changes
The customer-managed storage account requirement disappears entirely. Defender for Cloud handles the storage itself, keeping results in the same Azure region as the logical SQL server. It is described as the recommended enablement mode, delivering identical security value through a simplified setup.
Baseline behavior differs between the two models
Under express configuration a baseline takes effect the moment you apply it, with no rescan required. Under classic it takes effect only once the database has been rescanned. That single difference transforms how quickly a tuning session converges, and beyond the storage account question it is the most practical argument for moving to express.
On 16 August 2027 both the classic vulnerability assessment and Advanced Threat Protection APIs retire.
Both the date and the migration guidance are published, which makes this among the easier deadlines to plan a piece of work around.
- The APIs behind classic vulnerability assessment configuration go on that date, and the classic Advanced Threat Protection APIs go with them. Anything automating configuration through either, whether that is infrastructure as code or a script somebody wrote years ago, has to move before then.
- Express configuration is where you are heading, and it is already generally available for Azure SQL Managed Instance and Azure Synapse Analytics Workspaces, extending the generally available Microsoft-managed experience from Azure SQL Database without additional cost.
- None of the practical gains wait for the deadline. Express gets rid of the customer-managed storage account, simplifies the permissions required to change a setting, lets baselines be set in batch and from the latest scan results, and applies a baseline with no rescan needed.
- There are trade-offs, and they are genuine but minor. Express scopes policy at subscription and server level rather than at database level, caps a single rule scan result at 1 MB where classic had no limit, and exports to CSV instead of Excel. For nearly every estate those are a fair exchange for removing the storage dependency entirely.
Four things that turn this into more than a checkbox somebody ticked.
We baseline before we report
The assessment can be tailored by setting an acceptable baseline across permission configurations, feature configurations and database settings. Without one, every deliberate design decision in your environment comes back as a finding on every scan, and the report degrades into noise inside two cycles.
We move to express configuration now
Classic vulnerability assessment APIs retire on 16 August 2027 alongside the classic Advanced Threat Protection APIs. Express removes the storage account, simplifies permissions, supports batch baselines and applies them without a rescan. There is no reason to wait for the deadline to collect those benefits.
We include the SQL nobody counts
SQL Server on Azure Virtual Machines and SQL Server enabled by Azure Arc are both protected, and both are routinely missed because the estate inventory was built from the Azure SQL resource list. Those instances frequently hold the older and less well maintained databases.
We make sure somebody receives the alerts
Threat protection detects SQL injection attempts, brute force patterns and access from compromised hosts, with mitigation guidance and a Sentinel investigation path. All of that assumes a named responder. Alerts arriving in an unwatched queue are indistinguishable from no detection at all.
Four phases across roughly four to six weeks.
- 01Week 1
Inventory the SQL estate and enable
We inventory the Azure SQL databases, the elastic pools, the managed instances, the Synapse dedicated pools, SQL Server running on virtual machines and Arc-enabled SQL Server. The plan then goes on at subscription level, so existing and future resources are covered without anyone having to remember to add them.
- SQL estate inventory across subscriptions
- Plan enabled at subscription scope
- Arc-enabled and VM-hosted SQL identified
- Current configuration model established, express or classic
- 02Week 2
Move to express configuration
Where classic is still in place, we migrate it, which removes the customer-managed storage account dependency and simplifies the permissions needed to change a setting. Doing that now rather than closer to the August 2027 API retirement makes sense purely because the operational benefits arrive immediately.
- Express configuration enabled per resource type
- Storage account dependency removed
- Automation using classic APIs identified for migration
- Permissions model updated
- 03Weeks 3 to 4
Baseline the findings against your environment
This is the phase deciding whether the report is worth anything. Baselines get set across permission configurations, feature configurations and database settings, so that decisions specific to your environment stop reappearing as findings every cycle. Because express applies a baseline without requiring a rescan, the work becomes iterative rather than slow.
- Findings triaged with the database team
- Baselines set for accepted configurations
- Genuine findings assigned owners and dates
- Remaining report reviewed for readability
- 04Weeks 5 to 6
Route alerts and connect to investigation
Threat protection alerts get routed to whoever actually responds, the Sentinel investigation path is confirmed to work, and vulnerability findings go into a recurring review so the baseline moves with the estate instead of setting hard.
- Alerts routed to a named responder
- Sentinel investigation path confirmed
- Recurring vulnerability review scheduled
- Baseline maintenance owner assigned
Six situations where the database is the target.
A business with a customer-facing application
Every application that accepts input and queries a database is a candidate for SQL injection, and Advanced Threat Protection detects potential injection attacks including the cases where an application itself generates a faulty SQL statement. That detection is the direct control for the most persistent risk in web applications.
A regulated firm asked about database configuration
The assessment reaches both database-level and server-level issues, taking in server firewall settings and server-level permissions, and it hands back remediation steps you can act on plus customized scripts where those apply. What that produces is evidence shaped the way a SOC 2 auditor, a bank examiner working through GLBA and FTC Safeguards expectations, or an insurer actually asks for it, rather than a general assurance somebody wrote.
An organization with excessive database permissions
Permissions granted too broadly are flagged explicitly by the rule knowledge base, sitting alongside misconfigurations and unprotected sensitive data. They are also the category that builds up in silence, because permissions get granted during a project and taken away almost never.
A HIPAA-covered provider running older SQL Server versions
SQL Server 2012 through 2022 is covered, including instances on Azure Virtual Machines and those enabled by Arc. Healthcare estates frequently carry older versions because a clinical application demands it, and in that situation detection plus vulnerability assessment are what make the decision manageable rather than merely accepted. They also generate the monitoring evidence a HIPAA security risk analysis expects to see.
A company still using classic configuration
Both sets of classic APIs, vulnerability assessment and Advanced Threat Protection alike, retire on 16 August 2027. Anything automating configuration through either has to move before then, and express configuration is worth adopting for its immediate operational benefits rather than simply to satisfy a date.
A business whose database estate keeps growing
Switching the plan on protects every supported resource in that subscription plus anything created there later. In a business where project teams create databases regularly, that automatic inclusion is worth more than any single detection capability in the product.
How US organizations secure their SQL estate.
| Feature | Enabled, express, baselined | Enabled, not baselined | Not enabled |
|---|---|---|---|
SQL injection detection | Yes | Yes | No |
Brute force detection | Yes | Yes | No |
Vulnerability findings produced | Yes | Yes | No |
Findings actually triaged | Yes | No | Not applicable |
Environment baselined | Yes | No | Not applicable |
Storage account dependency | None | Likely still present | Not applicable |
Ready for the 2027 API retirement | Yes | Not yet | Not applicable |
Future databases covered | Automatically | Automatically | No |
Alerts routed to a responder | Yes | Sometimes | Not applicable |
Report read next month | Yes | No | Not applicable |
Ten documented differences between the two configuration models.
Parameter
Storage dependency
- Express configuration
- None, Microsoft managed
- Classic configuration
- A customer-managed Azure storage account
Parameter
Applying a baseline
- Express configuration
- Takes effect without rescanning
- Classic configuration
- Takes effect only after rescanning
Parameter
Baseline settings
- Express configuration
- Batch, from latest results, or single rule
- Classic configuration
- Single rule only
Parameter
Recurring scan
- Express configuration
- Always active
- Classic configuration
- Configurable on or off
Parameter
Scan scheduling
- Express configuration
- Internal, not configurable
- Classic configuration
- Internal, not configurable
Parameter
Policy scope
- Express configuration
- Subscription and server
- Classic configuration
- Subscription, server and database
Parameter
Single rule scan result size
- Express configuration
- Maximum of 1 MB
- Classic configuration
- Unlimited
Parameter
Scan export
- Express configuration
- CSV and Azure Resource Graph
- Classic configuration
- Excel format and Azure Resource Graph
Parameter
Permissions to change settings
- Express configuration
- SQL Security Manager or security admin
- Classic configuration
- Plus Storage Blob Data Reader and storage account Owner
Parameter
Data residency
- Express configuration
- Same region as the logical SQL server
- Classic configuration
- Wherever the storage account is
Five steps, and it is the baseline that decides whether any of it lasts.
- 1
Inventory the whole SQL estate
That means Azure SQL databases and elastic pools, managed instances and Synapse dedicated pools, alongside SQL Server running on Azure Virtual Machines and Arc-enabled SQL Server. Those final two are supported and routinely left out of the inventory, and they are frequently where the oldest databases in the environment are sitting.
- 2
Enable at subscription level
Every supported resource in the subscription becomes protected, and so does anything created there afterwards. That automatic inclusion is precisely what stops coverage drifting as teams stand up databases without mentioning it to anyone.
- 3
Move to express configuration
We remove the customer-managed storage account along with the extra permissions it demands, well ahead of the classic API retirement on 16 August 2027. Express additionally supports setting baselines in batch and applies them without requiring a rescan, both of which make the next step considerably quicker.
- 4
Baseline against your actual environment
Findings get triaged alongside your database team, with the configurations you deliberately chose recorded as a baseline covering permission configurations, feature configurations and database settings. What survives that process is the genuine finding list, and every item on it receives an owner and a date.
- 5
Route alerts and keep the baseline current
Threat protection alerts reach a named responder, the Sentinel investigation path is confirmed rather than assumed, and a recurring review keeps the baseline reflecting the environment as it is today rather than as it was the last time somebody looked at it.
What US organizations ask about Defender for SQL.
Fifteen questions about your own SQL estate.
Coverage
- Is the plan enabled at subscription level?Future resources are then covered.
- Is SQL Server on VMs included?Supported, and often forgotten.
- Do we have Arc-enabled SQL Server?Also supported.
- Are Synapse dedicated pools covered?They are in scope.
- Which SQL Server versions do we run?2012 through 2022 are protected.
Vulnerability assessment
- Are we on express or classic?Classic APIs retire in August 2027.
- Do we still have a VA storage account?Express removes the need.
- Has anybody set a baseline?Otherwise findings never clear.
- Who reviews the findings?Name them.
- Do server-level findings have an owner?Firewall and permissions.
Threat protection
- Where do SQL alerts go?A person, not a queue.
- Have we ever received one?Or tested the path.
- Is Sentinel connected for investigation?Alerts support that route.
- Do we automate config with classic APIs?They have a retirement date.
- Who owns database security overall?Often nobody.
Find out whether your SQL vulnerability assessment is still running classic configuration.
Those classic APIs retire on 16 August 2027. Express removes the storage account, simplifies the permissions involved and applies a baseline without requiring a rescan. Every one of those benefits arrives long before the deadline does.
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